Nama : Etika Septiawati
NPM : 22212569
Kelas : 3eb23
The “passive
voice” is a grammatical construction in
which the subject of a sentence or clause
denotes the recipient of the action rather than the performer. Active voice is
a more regular used in life everyday rather than passive voice. Passive voice
is used because the object of active voice is more important rather than the
subject. Many language critics and language-usage manuals discourage use of the
passive voice. In English this advice is not usually found in older guides,
emerging only in the first half of the twentieth century.
Example:
-
Active : we fertilize the plants every 3 months
-
Passive : the plants is fertilized by us every 3
months
According to the example above, we can see that:
1. The object in active voice (the
plants) become subject in passive voice.
2. The subject in active voice (we) become object in passive
voice. And there is change from subject pronoun ‘we’ become object pronoun ‘us’.
3. Verb1 (fertilize) in active voice
become verb3 (fertilized) in passive voice.
4. Added tobe ‘is’ in front of verb3. Tobe that used depend on the subject in
passive voice and tenses that used.
5. Added ‘by’ after
verb3. but, if the object in passive voice assumed unimportant or not known, so
the object is usually not used and so is ‘by’.
6. Special for progressive sentences (all continuous tenses)
necessary add ‘being’ in front of
verb3, if not added “being”, the tenses will change, not
progressive/continuous anymore.
According to
the six above, the pattern of passive voice is:
|
Subject + tobe + Verb3 +
by + Object + modifier
|
|
No
|
Tenses
|
Active
Voice
|
Passive
Voice
|
|
1
|
Present Simple Tense
|
S + V1 + O
|
S + to be (am, are, is) + V3 + by
+ O
|
|
Many people speak English
|
English is spoken by many people
|
||
|
2
|
Present Continuous Tense
|
S + to be (am, are, is) + V1-ing +
O
|
S + to be (am, are, is) + being +
V3 + by + O
|
|
Many people are speaking English
|
English is being spoken by many
people
|
||
|
3
|
Present Perfect Tense
|
S + to be (am, are, is) + being +
V3 + by + O
|
S + have/has + been + V3 + by + O
|
|
Many people have spoken English
|
English has been spoken by many
people
|
||
|
4
|
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
|
S + have/has + been + V1-ing + O
|
S + have/has + been + being + V3 +
by + O
|
|
Many people have been speaking
English
|
English has been being spoken by
many people
|
||
|
5
|
Past Simple Tense
|
S + V2 + O
|
S + to be (was, were) + V3 + by +
O
|
|
Many people spoke English
|
English was spoken by many people
|
||
|
6
|
Past Continuous Tense
|
S + to be (was, were) + V1-ing + O
|
S + to be (was, were) + being + V3
+ by + O
|
|
Many people were speaking English
|
English was being spoken by many
people
|
||
|
7
|
Past Perfect Tense
|
S + had not + V3 + O
|
S + had + been + V3 + by + O
|
|
Many people had spoken English
|
English had been spoken by many
people
|
||
|
8
|
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
|
S + had + been + V1-ing + O
|
S + had + been + being + V3 + by +
O
|
|
Many people had been
speaking English
|
English had been being spoken by
many people
|
||
|
9
|
Future Simple Tense
|
S + will not + V1 + O
|
S + will be + V3 + by + O
|
|
Many people will speak English
|
English will be spoken by many
people
|
||
|
10
|
Future Continuous Tense
|
S + will + be + V1-ing + O
|
S + will + be + being + V3 + by +
O
|
|
Many people will be speaking
English
|
English will be being spoken by
many people
|
||
|
11
|
Future Perfect Tense
|
S + will + have + V3 + O
|
S + will + have + been + V3 + by +
O
|
|
Many people will have spoken
English
|
English will have been spoken by
many people
|
||
|
12
|
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
|
S + will + have + been + V1-ing +
O
|
S + will + have + been + V1-ing +
O
|
|
Many people will have been
speaking English
|
English will have been being
spoken by Many people
|
||
|
13
|
Past Future Simple Tense
|
S + would + V1 + O
|
S + would + be + V3 + by + O
|
|
Many people would speak English
|
English would be spoken by many
people
|
||
|
14
|
Past Future Continuous Tense
|
S + would + be + V1-ing + O
|
S + would + be + being + V3 + by +
O
|
|
Many people would be speaking
English
|
English would be being spoken by
many people
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
15
|
Past Future Perfect Tense
|
S + would + have + V3 + O
|
S + would + have + been + V3 + by
+ O
|
|
Many people would have spoken
English
|
English would have been spoken by
many people
|
||
|
16
|
Past Future Perfect Continuous
Tense
|
S + would + have + been + V1-ing +
O
|
S + would + have + been +being +
V3 + by + O
|
|
Many people would have been
speaking English
|
English would have been being
spoken by many people
|
Aktif-pasif
1.
Active : She waters this plant every two days.
Passive : This plant is watered by her every two days.
2.
Active
: No one responded to my sales ad.
Passive
: My sales ad was not responded to by
anyone.
3. Aktive : He is meeting them now.
Passive : They are being met by him now.
4. Aktive
: Who taught you to ski?
Passive
: By whom were you taught to ski?
5. Aktive : Many tourists have visited that castle.
Pasive : That castle has been visited by many
tourists.
6. Aktive
: Susan will bake two dozen cupcakes
for the bake sale. (active)
Pasive
:For the bake sale, two dozen
cookies will be baked by Susan.
7. Aktive
: Sally is going to make a
beautiful dinner tonight
Pasive : A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight.
8. Aktive
: Who ate the last
cookie? (active)
Pasive
: The last cookie was eaten by
whom? (passive)
9. Aktive : Jerry
used to pay the bills.
Pasive
: The bills used to be paid by Jerry.
10. Aktive : Right now, Saras is writing the letter.
Pasive : Right now, the letter is being written
by Saras.
Pasif-aktif
1. Pasive : The comet was viewed by the science
class.
Aktive : The science class
viewed the comet.
2. Pasive : The students’ questions are always
answered by the teacher.
Aktive :The teacher always
answers the students’ questions.
3. Pasive : At dinner, six shrimp were eaten by
Harry.
Aktive :
Harry ate six shrimp at dinner.
4. Pasive : The flat tire was changed by Sue.
Aktive :
Sue changed the flat tire.
5. Pasive : The victory will be celebrated by the
team tomorrow
Aktive :
The team will celebrate their victory tomorrow.
6. Pasive : The car was repaired by Sam.
Aktive :
Sam repaired the car.
7. Pasive : I thought a beautiful dinner was going to be made by Sally
tonight.
Aktive :
I thought Sally was going to make a
beautiful dinner tonight.
8. Pasive : Once a week, the house is cleaned by Tom.
Aktive : Once a week, Tom cleans the house.
9. Pasive : This plant would be being watered by her.
Aktive : She would be watering this plant.
10. Pasive : This plant would be
being watered by her.
Aktive : She would be watering this plant.
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